Arabic Phonetics
| Sign | What is it called? | Sound |
| Fathah/ Zabar | a | |
| Kasrah/ Zair | i | |
| Dhammah/ Paish | u | |
| Double Fathah/ Zabar | an | |
| Double Kasrah/ Zair | in | |
| Double Dhammah/ Paish | un | |
| Standing Fathah/ Zabar | aa | |
| Standing Kasrah/ Zair | ee | |
| Inverted Dhammah/ Paish | oo | |
| Shaddah | double letter | |
| Sukoon Jazam | absence of vowel | |
| Madd | aaaa (Longer Sound) |

